最近有報(bào)考托?？荚嚨目忌鷣硭搅牧粜×粜【庩P(guān)于考試素材的問題，了解托福托福考試的考生們都會(huì)了解到的是托?？荚嚪殖蓛蓚€(gè)大的部分，分別是獨(dú)立口語和綜合口語那么對于獨(dú)立口語考試來說有哪些蘇才可以用呢，小編根據(jù)了解到的內(nèi)容來總結(jié)了一些考試的素材，希望這些可以幫助到大家哦。托?？谡Z整個(gè)時(shí)長在20分鐘，那么托?？谡Z時(shí)間分布情況又是怎樣的呢，下面就看看具體的內(nèi)容吧。
一、托福獨(dú)立口語萬能素材
1.Being Humorous
素材：
It occurs to me that Mr. Bean is the person who always makes me laugh. Mr. Bean rarely speaks, but his exaggerated/odd facial expressions usually make me burst into laughter. He usually misbehaves himself, for example, he once drops his coffee on a man’s laptop and then lets someone else take the blame. Besides, his ignorance of what’s going on around him also appears to be funny to me. For instance, in one scene, while Mr. Bean is driving, he falls asleep at the wheel.
I keep several Mr. Bean series in my computer, and when I feel upset or low, or want to have a study break, I usually open the files and watch a few episodes. His zany behaviors never fail to make me laugh.
（備注：素材中選取的人物是Mr. Beans，大家在練習(xí)的時(shí)候，針對不同的題目，可以把人物換成不同的對象，比如my father，my friend等等）
可應(yīng)用的題目：
What kind of movie do you like most? Explain why you like this kind of movie. Include reasons and examples to support your response.
While choosing a friend, which of the following characteristics do you care about most: honesty, loyalty or sense of humor? Explain why this characteristic is the most important to you.
Talk your family member which has similar traits as you. Describe that trait.
Talk about a person you enjoy talking with.
Describe your favorite movie star or singer.
2.Being Considerate
素材：
He is a very considerate and caring person. For example, once I suffered from an intense stomachache, although he had something urgent at hand, he took me to the hospital immediately after he had learnt my illness. I’m still full of appreciation when I recall that moment.
可應(yīng)用的題目：
Describe the characteristic of a good teacher and don’t forget to include some details and examples in your response.
What’s the most important quality a good neighbor should have? Include reasons and details to support your response.
What qualities should a leader have? Include details and examples in your response.(06/10/21)
Is that good to feed a dog or a cat. What can you benefit from such an experience?
Choose a quality you think makes someone a valuable member of a team. Explain why you think it is an important quality for a team or group member to have.
Describe the person you asked for help once, and explain how you solved your problem.
3.Team spirit
素材：
Team-spirit is of vital importance for a work environment. The people who are good team players will make the work more enjoyable because I can consult them for help whenever I’m in trouble, thus the whole working efficiency will be improved.
可應(yīng)用的題目：
Choose a quality you think makes someone a valuable member of a team.
What qualities should a leader have?
Describe the person you asked for help once, and explain how you solved your problem.
二、托?？谡Z時(shí)間分配
第一部分(1-2題)：準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間15秒答題時(shí)間45秒，如第1、2中的題目屬于日常話題，這兩道題本身難度比較小所以需要注意的就是托?？谡Z時(shí)間分配的問題，在這45秒鐘里一般用5～6秒完成topic sentence 接下來的40秒應(yīng)以每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)或者例子不超過3～4句話的規(guī)律完成該話題，也就是說大致20秒完成一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)l或例子的表述，如果考生能在考前進(jìn)行充分的準(zhǔn)備，鍛煉自己的口語思維，積累常用的細(xì)節(jié)或例子考試時(shí)就會(huì)從容許多。
第二部分(3-4題)：準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間30秒，答題60秒。它們分別是情景題和學(xué)術(shù)題。在閱讀的時(shí)候要注意記錄主題和支撐的觀點(diǎn)。同時(shí)在TASK 3&4的聽力進(jìn)行中，要主要把握其重點(diǎn)環(huán)節(jié)，也就是人物的觀點(diǎn)，以及他支持或反對的理由。另外在表述過程中，結(jié)構(gòu)一定要清楚，在練習(xí)時(shí)不妨使用計(jì)時(shí)軟件，多鍛煉幾次才能在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)把要點(diǎn)說全說清楚。
最后的5、6道是以聽力材料為基礎(chǔ)，要求考生回答相關(guān)問題。首先考生掌控時(shí)間能力的強(qiáng)弱對這個(gè)部分成績的高低有著直接影響，最后兩道題目的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間是20秒回答的時(shí)間為60秒，大多數(shù)考生都反映口語部分的準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間利用效率低、做答倉促。
三、托?？谡Z備考方法
1、多練真題
大量的做真題和模擬題，可以從題目中摸清出題人的思路，把握做題規(guī)律，明白人家出這個(gè)題是想讓你答什么，這個(gè)要訣是重中之重，說白了，沒有一定量真題經(jīng)驗(yàn)的累積，其它要訣都是虛招。
2、舍長取短
美國人說話最講究簡潔明快，而且通常只求達(dá)意并不注重語法。ETS托福網(wǎng)考基于實(shí)際應(yīng)用的角度，更加注重語言的人性化，所以，在做口語題的時(shí)候?qū)W生應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)多用名詞動(dòng)詞，少用形容詞副詞，多用簡單句短句，少用復(fù)合句長句。這樣不僅可以滿足“表達(dá)清晰易懂”的評(píng)分條件，同時(shí)還能滿足“語法準(zhǔn)確”的要求，可謂一石二鳥之計(jì)。當(dāng)然，中間適當(dāng)點(diǎn)綴一兩句爛熟于胸的經(jīng)典俚語，效果自然事半功倍。
3、經(jīng)典五要素表達(dá)法
所謂經(jīng)典五要素，是WHO，WHAT， WHY， WHERE， HOW。“誰，在什么時(shí)間什么地點(diǎn)做了什么事情，理由是什么?”在做第3、第4題的時(shí)候，由于增加了課堂對話和場景演講，要在做筆記的時(shí)候?qū)⑦@些要素點(diǎn)記下來，然后在答題的時(shí)候?qū)⑦@些要素組織起來，就是一段邏輯性強(qiáng)、主題明確、結(jié)構(gòu)完整的口語答案了。ETS對于口語表達(dá)的謀篇結(jié)構(gòu)不會(huì)苛刻的要求，只要條理清晰，邏輯完整就會(huì)得到不錯(cuò)的分?jǐn)?shù)。
4、倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)
因?yàn)闀r(shí)間短，任務(wù)重，而且要滿足“組織嚴(yán)密結(jié)構(gòu)完整”的要求，那么一個(gè)比較不錯(cuò)的辦法就是效法新聞的經(jīng)典寫法“倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)”。所謂的倒金字塔結(jié)構(gòu)就是把重點(diǎn)擺前頭，再進(jìn)一步修飾。首先要面對問題給出直截了當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?，再圍繞核心答案闡述解釋。
四、托?？谡Z提高方法
托?？谡Z想要考試高分的話建議備考的時(shí)候可以找一個(gè)專業(yè)的外教哦，分享一下我在用的app：留小留，可以隨時(shí)和世界各地的Native Speaker進(jìn)行一對一的口語對練。這個(gè)軟件用起來就跟打微信語音／視頻電話一樣，質(zhì)量很清晰。這個(gè)是最讓我感到意外且性價(jià)比超級(jí)高的一個(gè)APP了。我長期練習(xí)的一個(gè)外教陪練是英國的Leila，她不僅口音純正，而且人超級(jí)nice，她本人還是一個(gè)攝影師，我也經(jīng)常跟她交流攝影方面的技巧。
不過大家在跟外國人練習(xí)托?？谡Z的時(shí)候，我有2個(gè)建議：1是提前準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)話題，帶著話題去跟他們練習(xí)能讓你學(xué)到很多地道的表達(dá)；2.是不一定非要選擇歐美的老外，像有些南非、菲律賓的也很專業(yè)，練習(xí)口語也不錯(cuò)。
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